The Social Cancer - 03

Total number of words is 4729
Total number of unique words is 1619
41.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
59.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
68.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
with what looks very suspiciously like a specious effort to cover
mental indolence with a glittering generality, "that the Filipino is
only a grown-up child and needs a strong paternal government," an idea
which entirely overlooks the natural fact that when an impressionable
subject comes within the influence of a stronger force from a higher
civilization he is very likely to remain a child--perhaps a stunted
one--as long as he is treated as such. There is about as much sense
and justice in such logic as there would be in that of keeping a babe
confined in swaddling-bands and then blaming it for not knowing how to
walk. No creature will remain a healthy child forever, but, as Spain
learned to her bitter cost, will be very prone, as the parent grows
decrepit and it begins to feel its strength, to prove a troublesome
subject to handle, thereby reversing the natural law suggested by the
comparison, and bringing such Sancho-Panza statecraft to flounder at
last through as hopeless confusion to as absurd a conclusion as his
own island government.
Rizal was not one of those rabid, self-seeking revolutionists who
would merely overthrow the government and maintain the old system
with themselves in the privileged places of the former rulers, nor
is he to be classed among the misguided enthusiasts who by their
intemperate demands and immoderate conduct merely strengthen the
hands of those in power. He realized fully that the restrictions
under which the people had become accustomed to order their lives
should be removed gradually as they advanced under suitable guidance
and became capable of adjusting themselves to the new and better
conditions. They should take all the good offered, from any source,
especially that suited to their nature, which they could properly
assimilate. No great patience was ever exhibited by him toward those
of his countrymen--the most repulsive characters in his stories are
such--who would make of themselves mere apes and mimes, decorating
themselves with a veneer of questionable alien characteristics, but
with no personality or stability of their own, presenting at best
a spectacle to make devils laugh and angels weep, lacking even the
hothouse product's virtue of being good to look upon.
Reduced to a definite form, the wish of the more thoughtful in the
new generation of Filipino leaders that was growing up was that the
Philippine Islands be made a province of Spain with representation in
the Cortes and the concomitant freedom of expression and criticism. All
that was directly asked was some substantial participation in the
management of local affairs, and the curtailment of the arbitrary power
of petty officials, especially of the friar curates, who constituted
the chief obstacle to the education and development of the people.
The friar orders were, however, all-powerful, not only in the
Philippines, but also in Madrid, where they were not chary of making
use of a part of their wealth to maintain their influence. The
efforts of the Filipinos in Spain, while closely watched, do not
seem to have been given any very serious attention, for the Spanish
authorities no doubt realized that as long as the young men stayed
in Madrid writing manifestoes in a language which less than one
per cent of their countrymen could read and spending their money
on members of the Cortes, there could be little danger of trouble
in the Philippines. Moreover, the Spanish ministers themselves
appear to have been in sympathy with the more moderate wishes of
the Filipinos, a fact indicated by the number of changes ordered
from time to time in the Philippine administration, but they were
powerless before the strength and local influence of the religious
orders. So matters dragged their weary way along until there was an
unexpected and startling development, a David-Goliath contest, and
certainly no one but a genius could have polished the "smooth stone"
that was to smite the giant.
It is said that the idea of writing a novel depicting conditions in
his native land first came to Rizal from a perusal of Eugene Sue's
_The Wandering Jew_, while he was a student in Madrid, although the
model for the greater part of it is plainly the delectable sketches
in _Don Quixote_, for the author himself possessed in a remarkable
degree that Cervantic touch which raises the commonplace, even the
mean, into the highest regions of art. Not, however, until he had
spent some time in Paris continuing his medical studies, and later in
Germany, did anything definite result. But in 1887 _Noli Me Tangere_
was printed in Berlin, in an establishment where the author is said
to have worked part of his time as a compositor in order to defray
his expenses while he continued his studies. A limited edition was
published through the financial aid extended by a Filipino associate,
and sent to Hongkong, thence to be surreptitiously introduced into
the Philippines.
_Noli Me Tangere_ ("Touch Me Not") at the time the work was written had
a peculiar fitness as a title. Not only was there an apt suggestion
of a comparison with the common flower of that name, but the term
is also applied in pathology to a malignant cancer which affects
every bone and tissue in the body, and that this latter was in the
author's mind would appear from the dedication and from the summing-up
of the Philippine situation in the final conversation between Ibarra
and Elias. But in a letter written to a friend in Paris at the time,
the author himself says that it was taken from the Gospel scene where
the risen Savior appears to the Magdalene, to whom He addresses these
words, a scene that has been the subject of several notable paintings.
In this connection it is interesting to note what he himself thought of
the work, and his frank statement of what he had tried to accomplish,
made just as he was publishing it: "_Noli Me Tangere_, an expression
taken from the Gospel of St. Luke, [7] means _touch me not_. The
book contains things of which no one up to the present time has
spoken, for they are so sensitive that they have never suffered
themselves to be touched by any one whomsoever. For my own part, I
have attempted to do what no one else has been willing to do: I have
dared to answer the calumnies that have for centuries been heaped
upon us and our country. I have written of the social condition and
the life, of our beliefs, our hopes, our longings, our complaints,
and our sorrows; I have unmasked the hypocrisy which, under the cloak
of religion, has come among us to impoverish and to brutalize us,
I have distinguished the true religion from the false, from the
superstition that traffics with the holy word to get money and to
make us believe in absurdities for which Catholicism would blush,
if ever it knew of them. I have unveiled that which has been hidden
behind the deceptive and dazzling words of our governments. I have
told our countrymen of our mistakes, our vices, our faults, and our
weak complaisance with our miseries there. Where I have found virtue I
have spoken of it highly in order to render it homage; and if I have
not wept in speaking of our misfortunes, I have laughed over them,
for no one would wish to weep with me over our woes, and laughter
is ever the best means of concealing sorrow. The deeds that I have
related are true and have actually occurred; I can furnish proof of
this. My book may have (and it does have) defects from an artistic
and esthetic point of view--this I do not deny--but no one can dispute
the veracity of the facts presented." [8]
But while the primary purpose and first effect of the work was to
crystallize anti-friar sentiment, the author has risen above a mere
personal attack, which would give it only a temporary value, and by
portraying in so clear and sympathetic a way the life of his people
has produced a piece of real literature, of especial interest now as
they are being swept into the newer day. Any fool can point out errors
and defects, if they are at all apparent, and the persistent searching
them out for their own sake is the surest mark of the vulpine mind,
but the author has east aside all such petty considerations and,
whether consciously or not, has left a work of permanent value to
his own people and of interest to all friends of humanity. If ever a
fair land has been cursed with the wearisome breed of fault-finders,
both indigenous and exotic, that land is the Philippines, so it is
indeed refreshing to turn from the dreary waste of carping criticisms,
pragmatical "scientific" analyses, and sneering half-truths to a story
pulsating with life, presenting the Filipino as a human being, with
his virtues and his vices, his loves and hates, his hopes and fears.
The publication of _Noli Me Tangere_ suggests the reflection that
the story of Achilles' heel is a myth only in form. The belief that
any institution, system, organization, or arrangement has reached
an absolute form is about as far as human folly can go. The friar
orders looked upon themselves as the sum of human achievement in
man-driving and God-persuading, divinely appointed to rule, fixed
in their power, far above suspicion. Yet they were obsessed by the
sensitive, covert dread of exposure that ever lurks spectrally under
pharisaism's specious robe, so when there appeared this work of a
"miserable Indian," who dared to portray them and the conditions
that their control produced exactly as they were--for the indefinable
touch by which the author gives an air of unimpeachable veracity to
his story is perhaps its greatest artistic merit--the effect upon the
mercurial Spanish temperament was, to say the least, electric. The
very audacity of the thing left the friars breathless.
A committee of learned doctors from Santo Tomas, who were appointed
to examine the work, unmercifully scored it as attacking everything
from the state religion to the integrity of the Spanish dominions,
so the circulation of it in the Philippines was, of course, strictly
prohibited, which naturally made the demand for it greater. Large
sums were paid for single copies, of which, it might be remarked in
passing, the author himself received scarcely any part; collections
have ever had a curious habit of going astray in the Philippines.
Although the possession of a copy by a Filipino usually meant summary
imprisonment or deportation, often with the concomitant confiscation
of property for the benefit of some "patriot," the book was widely read
among the leading families and had the desired effect of crystallizing
the sentiment against the friars, thus to pave the way for concerted
action. At last the idol had been flouted, so all could attack
it. Within a year after it had begun to circulate in the Philippines a
memorial was presented to the Archbishop by quite a respectable part of
the Filipinos in Manila, requesting that the friar orders be expelled
from the country, but this resulted only in the deportation of every
signer of the petition upon whom the government could lay hands. They
were scattered literally to the four corners of the earth: some to
the Ladrone Islands, some to Fernando Po off the west coast of Africa,
some to Spanish prisons, others to remote parts of the Philippines.
Meanwhile, the author had returned to the Philippines for a visit
to his family, during which time he was constantly attended by an
officer of the Civil Guard, detailed ostensibly as a body-guard. All
his movements were closely watched, and after a few months the
Captain-General "advised" him to leave the country, at the same time
requesting a copy of _Noli Me Tangere_, saying that the excerpts
submitted to him by the censor had awakened a desire to read the
entire work. Rizal returned to Europe by way of Japan and the United
States, which did not seem to make any distinct impression upon him,
although it was only a little later that he predicted that when Spain
lost control of the Philippines, an eventuality he seemed to consider
certain not far in the future, the United States would be a probable
successor. [9]
Returning to Europe, he spent some time in London preparing an edition
of Morga's _Sucesos de las Filipinas_, a work published in Mexico
about 1606 by the principal actor in some of the most stirring scenes
of the formative period of the Philippine government. It is a record
of prime importance in Philippine history, and the resuscitation of
it was no small service to the country. Rizal added notes tending to
show that the Filipinos had been possessed of considerable culture and
civilization before the Spanish conquest, and he even intimated that
they had retrograded rather than advanced under Spanish tutelage. But
such an extreme view must be ascribed to patriotic ardor, for Rizal
himself, though possessed of that intangible quality commonly known
as genius and partly trained in northern Europe, is still in his own
personality the strongest refutation of such a contention.
Later, in Ghent, he published _El Filibusterismo_, called by him a
continuation of _Noli Me Tangere_, but with which it really has no
more connection than that some of the characters reappear and are
disposed of. [10] There is almost no connected plot in it and hardly
any action, but there is the same incisive character-drawing and
clear etching of conditions that characterize the earlier work. It
is a maturer effort and a more forceful political argument, hence
it lacks the charm and simplicity which assign _Noli Me Tangere_
to a preeminent place in Philippine literature. The light satire
of the earlier work is replaced by bitter sarcasm delivered with
deliberate intent, for the iron had evidently entered his soul with
broadening experience and the realization that justice at the hands
of decadent Spain had been an iridescent dream of his youth. Nor had
the Spanish authorities in the Philippines been idle; his relatives
had been subjected to all the annoyances and irritations of petty
persecution, eventually losing the greater part of their property,
while some of them suffered deportation.
In 1891 he returned to Hongkong to practise medicine, in which
profession he had remarkable success, even coming to be looked
upon as a wizard by his simple countrymen, among whom circulated
wonderful accounts of his magical powers. He was especially skilled
in ophthalmology, and his first operation after returning from his
studies in Europe was to restore his mother's sight by removing a
cataract from one of her eyes, an achievement which no doubt formed
the basis of marvelous tales. But the misfortunes of his people were
ever the paramount consideration, so he wrote to the Captain-General
requesting permission to remove his numerous relatives to Borneo to
establish a colony there, for which purpose liberal concessions had
been offered him by the British government. The request was denied,
and further stigmatized as an "unpatriotic" attempt to lessen the
population of the Philippines, when labor was already scarce. This
was the answer he received to a reasonable petition after the homes
of his family, including his own birthplace, had been ruthlessly
destroyed by military force, while a quarrel over ownership and rents
was still pending in the courts. The Captain-General at the time was
Valeriano Weyler, the pitiless instrument of the reactionary forces
manipulated by the monastic orders, he who was later sent to Cuba to
introduce there the repressive measures which had apparently been so
efficacious in the Philippines, thus to bring on the interference of
the United States to end Spain's colonial power--all of which induces
the reflection that there may still be deluded casuists who doubt
the reality of Nemesis.
Weyler was succeeded by Eulogio Despujols, who made sincere attempts to
reform the administration, and was quite popular with the Filipinos. In
reply to repeated requests from Rizal to be permitted to return to
the Philippines unmolested a passport was finally granted to him and
he set out for Manila. For this move on his part, in addition to the
natural desire to be among his own people, two special reasons appear:
he wished to investigate and stop if possible the unwarranted use of
his name in taking up collections that always remained mysteriously
unaccounted for, and he was drawn by a ruse deliberately planned and
executed in that his mother was several times officiously arrested
and hustled about as a common criminal in order to work upon the
son's filial feelings and thus get him back within reach of the
Spanish authority, which, as subsequent events and later researches
have shown, was the real intention in issuing the passport. Entirely
unsuspecting any ulterior motive, however, in a few days after his
arrival he convoked a motley gathering of Filipinos of all grades of
the population, for he seems to have been only slightly acquainted
among his own people and not at all versed in the mazy Walpurgis
dance of Philippine politics, and laid before it the constitution
for a _Liga Filipina_ (Philippine League), an organization looking
toward greater unity among the Filipinos and coรถperation for economic
progress. This _Liga_ was no doubt the result of his observations in
England and Germany, and, despite its questionable form as a secret
society for political and economic purposes, was assuredly a step in
the right direction, but unfortunately its significance was beyond
the comprehension of his countrymen, most of whom saw in it only an
opportunity for harassing the Spanish government, for which all were
ready enough.
All his movements were closely watched, and a few days after his
return he was arrested on the charge of having seditious literature
in his baggage. The friars were already clamoring for his blood, but
Despujols seems to have been more in sympathy with Rizal than with
the men whose tool he found himself forced to be. Without trial Rizal
was ordered deported to Dapitan, a small settlement on the northern
coast of Mindanao. The decree ordering this deportation and the
destruction of all copies of his books to be found in the Philippines
is a marvel of sophistry, since, in the words of a Spanish writer of
the time, "in this document we do not know which to wonder at most: the
ingenuousness of the Governor-General, for in this decree he implicitly
acknowledges his weakness and proneness to error, or the candor of
Rizal, who believed that all the way was strewn with roses." [11]
But it is quite evident that Despujols was playing a double game,
of which he seems to have been rather ashamed, for he gave strict
orders that copies of the decree should be withheld from Rizal.
In Dapitan Rizal gave himself up to his studies and such medical
practice as sought him out in that remote spot, for the fame of his
skill was widely extended, and he was allowed to live unmolested
under parole that he would make no attempt to escape. In company
with a Jesuit missionary he gathered about him a number of native
boys and conducted a practical school on the German plan, at the same
time indulging in religious polemics with his Jesuit acquaintances by
correspondence and working fitfully on some compositions which were
never completed, noteworthy among them being a study in English of
the Tagalog verb.
But while he was living thus quietly in Dapitan, events that were to
determine his fate were misshaping themselves in Manila. The stone had
been loosened on the mountain-side and was bounding on in mad career,
far beyond his control.


III

He who of old would rend the oak,
Dream'd not of the rebound;
Chain'd by the trunk he vainly broke
Alone--how look'd he round?
BYRON.

Reason and moderation in the person of Rizal scorned and banished,
the spirit of Jean Paul Marat and John Brown of Ossawatomie rises to
the fore in the shape of one Andres Bonifacio, warehouse porter, who
sits up o' nights copying all the letters and documents that he can lay
hands on; composing grandiloquent manifestoes in Tagalog; drawing up
magnificent appointments in the names of prominent persons who would
later suffer even to the shedding of their life's blood through his
mania for writing history in advance; spelling out Spanish tales of
the French Revolution; babbling of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity;
hinting darkly to his confidants that the President of France had begun
life as a blacksmith. Only a few days after Rizal was so summarily
hustled away, Bonifacio gathered together a crowd of malcontents and
ignorant dupes, some of them composing as choice a gang of cutthroats
as ever slit the gullet of a Chinese or tied mutilated prisoners in
ant hills, and solemnly organized the _Kataastaasang Kagalang-galang
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan_, "Supreme Select Association of the
Sons of the People," for the extermination of the ruling race and
the restoration of the Golden Age. It was to bring the people into
concerted action for a general revolt on a fixed date, when they
would rise simultaneously, take possession of the city of Manila,
and--the rest were better left to the imagination, for they had been
reared under the Spanish colonial system and imitativeness has ever
been pointed out as a cardinal trait in the Filipino character. No
quarter was to be asked or given, and the most sacred ties, even of
consanguinity, were to be disregarded in the general slaughter. To
the inquiry of a curious neophyte as to how the Spaniards were
to be distinguished from the other Europeans, in order to avoid
international complications, dark Andres replied that in case of
doubt they should proceed with due caution but should take good care
that they made no mistakes about letting any of the _Castilas_ escape
their vengeance. The higher officials of the government were to be
taken alive as hostages, while the friars were to be reserved for a
special holocaust on Bagumbayan Field, where over their incinerated
remains a heaven-kissing monument would be erected.
This Katipunan seems to have been an outgrowth from Spanish
freemasonry, introduced into the Philippines by a Spaniard named
Morayta and Marcelo H. del Pilar, a native of Bulacan Province who was
the practical leader of the Filipinos in Spain, but who died there in
1896 just as he was setting out for Hongkong to mature his plans for a
general uprising to expel the friar orders. There had been some masonic
societies in the islands for some time, but the membership had been
limited to Peninsulars, and they played no part in the politics of the
time. But about 1888 Filipinos began to be admitted into some of them,
and later, chiefly through the exertions of Pilar, lodges exclusively
for them were instituted. These soon began to display great activity,
especially in the transcendental matter of collections, so that their
existence became a source of care to the government and a nightmare to
the religious orders. From them, and with a perversion of the idea in
Rizal's still-born _Liga_, it was an easy transition to the Katipunan,
which was to put aside all pretense of reconciliation with Spain,
and at the appointed time rise to exterminate not only the friars
but also all the Spaniards and Spanish sympathizers, thus to bring
about the reign of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, under the benign
guidance of Patriot Bonifacio, with his bolo for a scepter.
With its secrecy and mystic forms, its methods of threats and
intimidation, the Katipunan spread rapidly, especially among the
Tagalogs, the most intransigent of the native peoples, and, it should
be noted, the ones in Whose territory the friars were the principal
landlords. It was organized on the triangle plan, so that no member
might know or communicate with more than three others--the one above
him from whom he received his information and instructions and two
below to whom he transmitted them. The initiations were conducted with
great secrecy and solemnity, calculated to inspire the new members
with awe and fear. The initiate, after a series of blood-curdling
ordeals to try out his courage and resolution, swore on a human skull
a terrific oath to devote his life and energies to the extermination
of the white race, regardless of age or sex, and later affixed to
it his signature or mark, usually the latter, with his own blood
taken from an incision in the left arm or left breast. This was one
form of the famous "blood compact," which, if history reads aright,
played so important a part in the assumption of sovereignty over the
Philippines by Legazpi in the name of Philip II.
Rizal was made the honorary president of the association, his
portrait hung in all the meeting-halls, and the magic of his name
used to attract the easily deluded masses, who were in a state of
agitated ignorance and growing unrest, ripe for any movement that
looked anti-governmental, and especially anti-Spanish. Soon after
the organization had been perfected, collections began to be taken
up--those collections were never overlooked--for the purpose of
chartering a steamer to rescue him from Dapitan and transport him to
Singapore, whence he might direct the general uprising, the day and
the hour for which were fixed by Bonifacio for August twenty-sixth,
1896, at six o'clock sharp in the evening, since lack of precision
in his magnificent programs was never a fault of that bold patriot,
his logic being as severe as that of the Filipino policeman who put
the flag at half-mast on Good Friday.
Of all this Rizal himself was, of course, entirely ignorant, until
in May, 1896, a Filipino doctor named Pio Valenzuela, a creature of
Bonifacio's, was despatched to Dapitan, taking along a blind man as a
pretext for the visit to the famous oculist, to lay the plans before
him for his consent and approval. Rizal expostulated with Valenzuela
for a time over such a mad and hopeless venture, which would only bring
ruin and misery upon the masses, and then is said to have very humanly
lost his patience, ending the interview "in so bad a humor and with
words so offensive that the deponent, who had gone with the intention
of remaining there a month, took the steamer on the following day, for
return to Manila." [12] He reported secretly to Bonifacio, who bestowed
several choice Tagalog epithets on Rizal, and charged his envoy to
say nothing about the failure of his mission, but rather to give the
impression that he had been successful. Rizal's name continued to be
used as the shibboleth of the insurrection, and the masses were made
to believe that he would appear as their leader at the appointed hour.
Vague reports from police officers, to the effect that something
unusual in the nature of secret societies was going on among the
people, began to reach the government, but no great attention was
paid to them, until the evening of August nineteenth, when the parish
priest of Tondo was informed by the mother-superior of one of the
convent-schools that she had just learned of a plot to massacre all
the Spaniards. She had the information from a devoted pupil, whose
brother was a compositor in the office of the _Diario de Manila_. As
is so frequently the case in Filipino families, this elder sister was
the purse-holder, and the brother's insistent requests for money,
which was needed by him to meet the repeated assessments made on
the members as the critical hour approached, awakened her curiosity
and suspicion to such an extent that she forced him to confide the
whole plan to her. Without delay she divulged it to her patroness,
who in turn notified the curate of Tondo, where the printing-office
was located. The priest called in two officers of the Civil Guard, who
arrested the young printer, frightened a confession out of him, and
that night, in company with the friar, searched the printing-office,
finding secreted there several lithographic plates for printing
receipts and certificates of membership in the Katipunan, with a
number of documents giving some account of the plot.
Then the Spanish population went wild. General Ramon Blanco was
governor and seems to have been about the only person who kept his
head at all. He tried to prevent giving so irresponsible a movement a
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Next - The Social Cancer - 04
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  • The Social Cancer - 01
    Total number of words is 4518
    Total number of unique words is 1541
    38.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    56.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    66.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 02
    Total number of words is 4695
    Total number of unique words is 1576
    40.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    58.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    67.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 03
    Total number of words is 4729
    Total number of unique words is 1619
    41.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    59.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    68.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 04
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    Total number of unique words is 1753
    39.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    57.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    68.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 05
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    Total number of unique words is 1441
    51.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.7 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 06
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    Total number of unique words is 1550
    51.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 07
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    Total number of unique words is 1622
    46.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    73.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 08
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    Total number of unique words is 1541
    47.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 09
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    Total number of unique words is 1613
    46.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 10
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    Total number of unique words is 1460
    51.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    70.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 11
    Total number of words is 5011
    Total number of unique words is 1441
    54.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    71.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    79.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 12
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    Total number of unique words is 1398
    53.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    71.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    80.7 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Social Cancer - 13
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    Total number of unique words is 1395
    51.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 14
    Total number of words is 4941
    Total number of unique words is 1480
    52.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    70.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    79.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 15
    Total number of words is 4820
    Total number of unique words is 1478
    52.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    70.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    79.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 16
    Total number of words is 4993
    Total number of unique words is 1412
    53.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    73.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    81.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 17
    Total number of words is 4874
    Total number of unique words is 1667
    44.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    60.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    69.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 18
    Total number of words is 4664
    Total number of unique words is 1540
    46.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 19
    Total number of words is 4851
    Total number of unique words is 1614
    44.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    72.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 20
    Total number of words is 4897
    Total number of unique words is 1459
    51.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    78.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 21
    Total number of words is 4914
    Total number of unique words is 1354
    52.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    71.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    80.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 22
    Total number of words is 4891
    Total number of unique words is 1332
    56.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    74.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    81.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 23
    Total number of words is 4843
    Total number of unique words is 1528
    48.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 24
    Total number of words is 4842
    Total number of unique words is 1495
    52.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    78.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 25
    Total number of words is 4917
    Total number of unique words is 1456
    51.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 26
    Total number of words is 4995
    Total number of unique words is 1460
    51.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 27
    Total number of words is 4793
    Total number of unique words is 1426
    52.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 28
    Total number of words is 4997
    Total number of unique words is 1380
    50.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    71.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    80.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 29
    Total number of words is 4850
    Total number of unique words is 1438
    53.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    70.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 30
    Total number of words is 4802
    Total number of unique words is 1485
    51.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    78.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 31
    Total number of words is 4767
    Total number of unique words is 1358
    51.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 32
    Total number of words is 4677
    Total number of unique words is 1529
    46.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    70.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 33
    Total number of words is 4951
    Total number of unique words is 1378
    54.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    72.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    80.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 34
    Total number of words is 4933
    Total number of unique words is 1404
    55.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    73.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    81.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 35
    Total number of words is 4427
    Total number of unique words is 1770
    36.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    53.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    62.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 36
    Total number of words is 4510
    Total number of unique words is 1610
    38.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    55.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    63.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Social Cancer - 37
    Total number of words is 1501
    Total number of unique words is 712
    44.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    60.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    66.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.