The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 26

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He reached the confluence where meet
Sarasvatí(349) and Gangá fleet,
And through Bháruṇḍa forest, spread
Northward of Viramatsya, sped.
He sought Kálinda’s child, who fills
The soul with joy, begirt by hills,
Reached Yamuná, and passing o’er,
Rested his army on the shore:
He gave his horses food and rest,
Bathed reeking limb and drooping crest.
They drank their fill and bathed them there,
And water for their journey bare.
Thence through a mighty wood he sped
All wild and uninhabited,
As in fair chariot through the skies,
Most fair in shape a Storm-God flies.
At Anśudhána Gangá, hard
To cross, his onward journey barred,
So turning quickly thence he came
To Prágvaṭ’s city dear to fame.
There having gained the farther side
To Kuṭikoshṭiká he hied:
The stream he crossed, and onward then
To Dharmavardhan brought his men.
Thence, leaving Toraṇ on the north,
To Jambuprastha journeyed forth.
Then onward to a pleasant grove
By fair Varútha’s town he drove,
And when a while he there had stayed,
Went eastward from the friendly shade.
Eastward of Ujjiháná where
The Priyak trees are tall and fair,
He passed, and rested there each steed
Exhausted with the journey’s speed.
There orders to his men addressed,
With quickened pace he onward pressed,
A while at Sarvatírtha spent,
Then o’er Uttániká he went.
O’er many a stream beside he sped
With coursers on the mountains bred,
And passing Hastiprishṭhak, took
The road o’er Kuṭiká’s fair brook.
Then, at Lohitya’s village, he
Crossed o’er the swift Kapívatí,
Then passed, where Ekaśála stands,
The Stháṇumatí’s flood and sands,
And Gomatí of fair renown
By Vinata’s delightful town.
When to Kalinga near he drew,
A wood of Sal trees charmed the view;
That passed, the sun began to rise,
And Bharat saw with happy eyes,
Ayodhyá’s city, built and planned
By ancient Manu’s royal hand.
Seven nights upon the road had passed,
And when he saw the town at last
Before him in her beauty spread,
Thus Bharat to the driver said:
“This glorious city from afar,
Wherein pure groves and gardens are,
Seems to my eager eyes to-day
A lifeless pile of yellow clay.
Through all her streets where erst a throng
Of men and women streamed along,
Uprose the multitudinous roar:
To-day I hear that sound no more.
No longer do mine eyes behold
The leading people, as of old,
On elephants, cars, horses, go
Abroad and homeward, to and fro.
The brilliant gardens, where we heard
The wild note of each rapturous bird,
Where men and women loved to meet,
In pleasant shades, for pastime sweet,—
These to my eyes this day appear
Joyless, and desolate, and drear:
Each tree that graced the garden grieves,
And every path is spread with leaves.
The merry cry of bird and beast,
That spake aloud their joy, has ceased:
Still is the long melodious note
That charmed us from each warbling throat.
Why blows the blessed air no more,
The incense-breathing air that bore
Its sweet incomparable scent
Of sandal and of aloe blent?
Why are the drum and tabour mute?
Why is the music of the lute
That woke responsive to the quill,
Loved by the happy, hushed and still?
My boding spirit gathers hence
Dire sins of awful consequence,
And omens, crowding on my sight,
Weigh down my soul with wild affright.
Scarce shall I find my friends who dwell
Here in Ayodhyá safe and well:
For surely not without a cause
This crushing dread my soul o’erawes.”
Heart sick, dejected, every sense
Confused by terror’s influence,
On to the town he quickly swept
Which King Ikshváku’s children kept.
He passed through Vaijayanta’s gate,
With weary steeds, disconsolate,
And all who near their station held,
His escort, crying Victory, swelled,
With heart distracted still he bowed
Farewell to all the following crowd,
Turned to the driver and began
To question thus the weary man:
“Why was I brought, O free from blame,
So fast, unknown for what I came?
Yet fear of ill my heart appals,
And all my wonted courage falls.
For I have heard in days gone by
The changes seen when monarchs die;
And all those signs, O charioteer,
I see to-day surround me here:
Each kinsman’s house looks dark and grim,
No hand delights to keep it trim:
The beauty vanished, and the pride,
The doors, unkept, stand open wide.
No morning rites are offered there,
No grateful incense loads the air,
And all therein, with brows o’ercast,
Sit joyless on the ground and fast.
Their lovely chaplets dry and dead,
Their courts unswept, with dust o’erspread,
The temples of the Gods to-day
No more look beautiful and gay.
Neglected stands each holy shrine,
Each image of a Lord divine.
No shop where flowery wreaths are sold
Is bright and busy as of old.
The women and the men I mark
Absorbed in fancies dull and dark,
Their gloomy eyes with tears bedewed,
A poor afflicted multitude.”
His mind oppressed with woe and dread,
Thus Bharat to his driver said,
Viewed the dire signs Ayodhyá showed,
And onward to the palace rode.


Canto LXXII. Bharat’s Inquiry.

He entered in, he looked around,
Nor in the house his father found;
Then to his mother’s dwelling, bent
To see her face, he quickly went.
She saw her son, so long away,
Returning after many a day,
And from her golden seat in joy
Sprung forward to her darling boy.
Within the bower, no longer bright,
Came Bharat lover of the right,
And bending with observance sweet
Clasped his dear mother’s lovely feet.
Long kisses on his brow she pressed,
And held her hero to her breast,
Then fondly drew him to her knees,
And questioned him in words like these:
“How many nights have fled, since thou
Leftest thy grandsire’s home, till now?
By flying steeds so swiftly borne,
Art thou not weak and travel-worn?
How fares the king my father, tell:
Is Yudhájit thine uncle well?
And now, my son, at length declare
The pleasure of the visit there.”
Thus to the offspring of the king
She spake with tender questioning,
And to his mother made reply
Young Bharat of the lotus eye:
“The seventh night has come and fled
Since from my grandsire’s home I sped:
My mother’s sire is well, and he,
Yudhájit, from all trouble free.
The gold and every precious thing
Presented by the conqueror king,
The slower guards behind convey:
I left them weary on the way.
Urged by the men my father sent,
My hasty course I hither bent:
Now, I implore, an answer deign,
And all I wish to know, explain.
Unoccupied I now behold
This couch of thine adorned with gold,
And each of King Ikshváku’s race
Appears with dark and gloomy face.
The king is aye, my mother dear,
Most constant in his visits here.
To meet my sire I sought this spot:
How is it that I find him not?
I long to clasp my father’s feet:
Say where he lingers, I entreat.
Perchance the monarch may be seen
Where dwells Kauśalyá, eldest queen.”
His father’s fate, from him concealed,
Kaikeyí to her son revealed:
Told as glad news the story sad,
For lust of sway had made her mad:
“Thy father, O my darling, know,
Has gone the way all life must go:
Devout and famed, of lofty thought,
In whom the good their refuge sought.”
When Bharat pious, pure, and true,
Heard the sad words which pierced him through,
Grieved for the sire he loved so well
Prostrate upon the ground he fell:
Down fell the strong-armed hero, high
Tossing his arms, and a sad cry,
“Ah, woe is me, unhappy, slain!”
Burst from his lips again, again,
Afflicted for his father’s fate
By grief’s intolerable weight,
With every sense amazed and cowed
The splendid hero wailed aloud:
“Ah me, my royal father’s bed
Of old a gentle radiance shed,
Like the pure sky when clouds are past,
And the moon’s light is o’er it cast:
Ah, of its wisest lord bereft,
It shows to-day faint radiance left,
As when the moon has left the sky.
Or mighty Ocean’s depths are dry.”
With choking sobs, with many a tear,
Pierced to the heart with grief sincere,
The best of conquerors poured his sighs,
And with his robe veiled face and eyes.
Kaikeyí saw him fallen there,
Godlike, afflicted, in despair,
Used every art to move him thence,
And tried him thus with eloquence:
“Arise, arise, my dearest; why
Wilt thou, famed Prince, so lowly lie?
Not by such grief as this are moved
Good men like thee, by all approved.
The earth thy father nobly swayed,
And rites to Heaven he duly paid.
At length his race of life was run:
Thou shouldst not mourn for him, my son.”
Long on the ground he wept, and rolled
From side to side, still unconsoled,
And then, with bitter grief oppressed,
His mother with these words addressed:
“This joyful hope my bosom fed
When from my grandsire’s halls I sped—
“The king will throne his eldest son,
And sacrifice, as should be done.”
But all is changed, my hope was vain,
And this sad heart is rent in twain,
For my dear father’s face I miss,
Who ever sought his loved ones’ bliss.
But in my absence, mother, say,
What sickness took my sire away?
Ah, happy Ráma, happy they
Allowed his funeral rites to pay!
The glorious monarch has not learned
That I his darling have returned,
Or quickly had he hither sped,
And pressed his kisses on my head.
Where is that hand whose gentle touch,
Most soft and kind I loved so much,
The hand that loved to brush away
The dust that on his darling lay?
Quick, bear the news to Ráma’s ear;
Tell the great chief that I am here:
Brother, and sire, and friend, and all
Is he, and I his trusty thrall.
For noble hearts, to virtue true,
Their sires in elder brothers view.
To clasp his feet I fain would bow:
He is my hope and refuge now.
What said my glorious sire, who knew
Virtue and vice, so brave and true?
Firm in his vows, dear lady, say,
What said he ere he passed away?
What was his rede to me? I crave
To hear the last advice he gave.”
Thus closely questioned by the youth,
Kaikeyí spoke the mournful truth:
“The high-souled monarch wept and sighed,
For Ráma, Sítá, Lakshmaṇ, cried,
Then, best of all who go to bliss,
Passed to the world which follows this.
“Ah, blessed are the people who
Shall Ráma and his Sítá view,
And Lakshmaṇ of the mighty arm,
Returning free from scathe and harm.”
Such were the words, the last of all,
Thy father, ere he died, let fall,
By Fate and Death’s dread coils enwound,
As some great elephant is bound.”
He heard, yet deeper in despair,
Her lips this double woe declare,
And with sad brow that showed his pain
Questioned his mother thus again:
“But where is he, of virtue tried,
Who fills Kauśalyá’s heart with pride,
Where is the noble Ráma? where
Is Lakshmaṇ brave, and Sítá fair?”
Thus pressed, the queen began to tell
The story as each thing befell,
And gave her son in words like these,
The mournful news she meant to please:
“The prince is gone in hermit dress
To Daṇḍak’s mighty wilderness,
And Lakshmaṇ brave and Sítá share
The wanderings of the exile there.”
Then Bharat’s soul with fear was stirred
Lest Ráma from the right had erred,
And jealous for ancestral fame,
He put this question to the dame:
“Has Ráma grasped with lawless hold
A Bráhman’s house, or land, or gold?
Has Ráma harmed with ill intent
Some poor or wealthy innocent?
Was Ráma, faithless to his vows,
Enamoured of anothers spouse?
Why was he sent to Daṇḍak’s wild,
Like one who kills an unborn child?”
He questioned thus: and she began
To tell her deeds and crafty plan.
Deceitful-hearted, fond, and blind
As is the way of womankind:
“No Bráhman’s wealth has Ráma seized,
No dame his wandering fancy pleased;
His very eyes he ne’er allows
To gaze upon a neighbour’s spouse.
But when I heard the monarch planned
To give the realm to Ráma’s hand,
I prayed that Ráma hence might flee,
And claimed the throne, my son, for thee.
The king maintained the name he bare,
And did according to my prayer,
And Ráma, with his brother, sent,
And Sítá, forth to banishment.
When his dear son was seen no more,
The lord of earth was troubled sore:
Too feeble with his grief to strive,
He joined the elemental Five.
Up then, most dutiful! maintain
The royal state, arise, and reign.
For thee, my darling son, for thee
All this was planned and wrought by me.
Come, cast thy grief and pain aside,
With manly courage fortified.
This town and realm are all thine own,
And fear and grief are here unknown.
Come, with Vaśishṭha’s guiding aid,
And priests in ritual skilled
Let the king’s funeral dues be paid,
And every claim fulfilled.
Perform his obsequies with all
That suits his rank and worth,
Then give the mandate to install
Thyself as lord of earth.”


Canto LXXIII. Kaikeyí Reproached.

But when he heard the queen relate
His brothers’ doom, his father’s fate,
Thus Bharat to his mother said
With burning grief disquieted:
“Alas, what boots it now to reign,
Struck down by grief and well-nigh slain?
Ah, both are gone, my sire, and he
Who was a second sire to me.
Grief upon grief thy hand has made,
And salt upon gashes laid:
For my dear sire has died through thee,
And Ráma roams a devotee.
Thou camest like the night of Fate
This royal house to devastate.
Unwitting ill, my hapless sire
Placed in his bosom coals of fire,
And through thy crimes his death he met,
O thou whose heart on sin is set.
Shame of thy house! thy senseless deed
Has reft all joy from Raghu’s seed.
The truthful monarch, dear to fame,
Received thee as his wedded dame,
And by thy act to misery doomed
Has died by flames of grief consumed.
Kauśalyá and Sumitrá too
The coming of my mother rue,
And if they live oppressed by woe,
For their dear sons their sad tears flow.
Was he not ever good and kind,—
That hero of the duteous mind?
Skilled in all filial duties, he
As a dear mother treated thee.
Kauśalyá too, the eldest queen,
Who far foresees with insight keen,
Did she not ever show thee all
A sister’s love at duty’s call?
And hast thou from the kingdom chased
Her son, with bark around his waist,
To the wild wood, to dwell therein,
And dost not sorrow for thy sin?
The love I bare to Raghu’s son
Thou knewest not, ambitious one,
If thou hast wrought this impious deed
For royal sway, in lawless greed.
With him and Lakshmaṇ far away,
What power have I the realm to sway?
What hope will fire my bosom when
I see no more these lords of men?
The holy king, who loved the right
Relied on Ráma’s power and might,
His guardian and his glory, so
Joys Meru in his woods below.
How can I bear, a steer untrained,
The load his mightier strength sustained?
What power have I to brook alone
This weight on feeble shoulders thrown?
But if the needful power were bought
By strength of mind and brooding thought,
No triumph shall attend the dame
Who dooms her son to lasting shame.
Now should no doubt that son prevent
From quitting thee on evil bent.
But Ráma’s love o’erpowers my will,
Who holds thee as his mother still.
Whence did the thought, O thou whose eyes
Are turned to sinful deeds, arise—
A plan our ancient sires would hate,
O fallen from thy virtuous state?
For in the line from which we spring
The eldest is anointed king:
No monarchs from the rule decline,
And, least of all, Ikshváku’s line.
Our holy sires, to virtue true,
Upon our race a lustre threw,
But with subversive frenzy thou
Hast marred our lineal honour now,
Of lofty birth, a noble line
Of previous kings is also thine:
Then whence this hated folly? whence
This sudden change that steals thy sense?
Thou shalt not gain thine impious will,
O thou whose thoughts are bent on ill,
Thou from whose guilty hand descend
These sinful blows my life to end.
Now to the forest will I go,
Thy cherished plans to overthrow,
And bring my brother, free from stain,
His people’s darling, home again.
And Ráma, when again he turns,
Whose glory like a beacon burns,
In me a faithful slave shall find
To serve him with contented mind.”


Canto LXXIV. Bharat’s Lament.

When Bharat’s anger-sharpened tongue
Reproaches on the queen had flung,
Again, with mighty rage possessed,
The guilty dame he thus addressed:
“Flee, cruel, wicked sinner, flee,
Let not this kingdom harbour thee.
Thou who hast thrown all right aside,
Weep thou for me when I have died.
Canst thou one charge against the king,
Or the most duteous Ráma bring?
The one thy sin to death has sent,
The other chased to banishment.
Our line’s destroyer, sin defiled
Like one who kills an unborn child,
Ne’er with thy lord in heaven to dwell,
Thy portion shall be down in hell
Because thy hand, that stayed for naught,
This awful wickedness has wrought,
And ruined him whom all held dear,
My bosom too is stirred with fear.
My father by thy sin is dead,
And Ráma to the wood is fled;
And of thy deed I bear the stain,
And fameless in the world remain.
Ambitious, evil-souled, in show
My mother, yet my direst foe.
My throning ne’er thine eyes shall bless,
Thy husband’s wicked murderess.
Thou art not Aśvapati’s child,
That righteous king most sage and mild,
But thou wast born a fiend, a foe
My father’s house to overthrow.
Thou who hast made Kauśalyá, pure,
Gentle, affectionate, endure
The loss of him who was her bliss,—
What worlds await thee, Queen, for this?
Was it not patent to thy sense
That Ráma was his friends’ defence,
Kauśalyá’s own true child most dear,
The eldest and his father’s peer?
Men in the son not only trace
The father’s figure, form, and face,
But in his heart they also find
The offspring of the father’s mind;
And hence, though dear their kinsmen are,
To mothers sons are dearer far.
There goes an ancient legend how
Good Surabhí, the God-loved cow,
Saw two of her dear children strain,
Drawing a plough and faint with pain.
She saw them on the earth outworn,
Toiling till noon from early morn,
And as she viewed her children’s woe,
A flood of tears began to flow.
As through the air beneath her swept
The Lord of Gods, the drops she wept,
Fine, laden with delicious smell,
Upon his heavenly body fell.
And Indra lifted up his eyes
And saw her standing in the skies,
Afflicted with her sorrow’s weight,
Sad, weeping, all disconsolate.
The Lord of Gods in anxious mood
Thus spoke in suppliant attitude:
“No fear disturbs our rest, and how
Come this great dread upon thee now?
Whence can this woe upon thee fall,
Say, gentle one who lovest all?”
Thus spake the God who rules the skies,
Indra, the Lord supremely wise;
And gentle Surabhí, well learned
In eloquence, this speech returned:
“Not thine the fault, great God, not thine
And guiltless are the Lords divine:
I mourn two children faint with toil,
Labouring hard in stubborn soil.
Wasted and sad I see them now,
While the sun beats on neck and brow,
Still goaded by the cruel hind,—
No pity in his savage mind.
O Indra, from this body sprang
These children, worn with many a pang.
For this sad sight I mourn, for none
Is to the mother like her son.”
He saw her weep whose offspring feed
In thousands over hill and mead,
And knew that in a mother’s eye
Naught with a son, for love, can vie.
He deemed her, when the tears that came
From her sad eyes bedewed his frame,
Laden with their celestial scent,
Of living things most excellent.
If she these tears of sorrow shed
Who many a thousand children bred,
Think what a life of woe is left
Kauśalyá, of her Ráma reft.
An only son was hers and she
Is rendered childless now by thee.
Here and hereafter, for thy crime,
Woe is thy lot through endless time.
And now, O Queen, without delay,
With all due honour will I pay
Both to my brother and my sire
The rites their several fates require.
Back to Ayodhyá will I bring
The long-armed chief, her lord and king,
And to the wood myself betake
Where hermit saints their dwelling make.
For, sinner both in deed and thought!
This hideous crime which thou hast wrought
I cannot bear, or live to see
The people’s sad eyes bent on me.
Begone, to Daṇḍak wood retire,
Or cast thy body to the fire,
Or bind around thy neck the rope:
No other refuge mayst thou hope.
When Ráma, lord of valour true,
Has gained the earth, his right and due,
Then, free from duty’s binding debt,
My vanished sin shall I forget.”
Thus like an elephant forced to brook
The goading of the driver’s hook,
Quick panting like a serpent maimed,
He fell to earth with rage inflamed.


Canto LXXV. The Abjuration.

A while he lay: he rose at length,
And slowly gathering sense and strength,
With angry eyes which tears bedewed,
The miserable queen he viewed,
And spake with keen reproach to her
Before each lord and minister:
“No lust have I for kingly sway,
My mother I no more obey:
Naught of this consecration knew
Which Daśaratha kept in view.
I with Śatrughna all the time
Was dwelling in a distant clime:
I knew of Ráma’s exile naught,
That hero of the noble thought:
I knew not how fair Sítá went,
And Lakshmaṇ, forth to banishment.”
Thus high-souled Bharat, mid the crowd,
Lifted his voice and cried aloud.
Kauśalyá heard, she raised her head,
And quickly to Sumitrá said:
“Bharat, Kaikeyí’s son is here,—
Hers whose fell deeds I loathe and fear:
That youth of foresight keen I fain
Would meet and see his face again.”
Thus to Sumitrá spake the dame,
And straight to Bharat’s presence came
With altered mien, neglected dress,
Trembling and faint with sore distress.
Bharat, Śatrughna by his side,
To meet her, toward her palace hied.
And when the royal dame they viewed
Distressed with dire solicitude,
Sad, fallen senseless on the ground,
About her neck their arms they wound.
The noble matron prostrate there,
Embraced, with tears, the weeping pair,
And with her load of grief oppressed,
To Bharat then these words addressed:
“Now all is thine, without a foe,
This realm for which thou longest so.
Ah, soon Kaikeyí’s ruthless hand
Has won the empire of the land,
And made my guiltless Ráma flee
Dressed like some lonely devotee.
Herein what profit has the queen,
Whose eye delights in havoc, seen?
Me also, me ’twere surely good
To banish to the distant wood,
To dwell amid the shades that hold
My famous son with limbs like gold.
Nay, with the sacred fire to guide,
Will I, Sumitrá by my side,
Myself to the drear wood repair
And seek the son of Raghu there.
This land which rice and golden corn
And wealth of every kind adorn,
Car, elephant, and steed, and gem,—
She makes thee lord of it and them.”
With taunts like these her bitter tongue
The heart of blameless Bharat wrung
And direr pangs his bosom tore
Than when the lancet probes a sore.
With troubled senses all astray
Prone at her feet he fell and lay.
With loud lament a while he plained,
And slowly strength and sense regained.
With suppliant hand to hand applied
He turned to her who wept and sighed,
And thus bespake the queen, whose breast
With sundry woes was sore distressed:
“Why these reproaches, noble dame?
I, knowing naught, am free from blame.
Thou knowest well what love was mine
For Ráma, chief of Raghu’s line.
O, never be his darkened mind
To Scripture’s guiding lore inclined,
By whose consent the prince who led
The good, the truthful hero, fled.
May he obey the vilest lord,
Offend the sun with act abhorred,(350)
And strike a sleeping cow, who lent
His voice to Ráma’s banishment.
May the good king who all befriends,
And, like his sons, the people tends,
Be wronged by him who gave consent
To noble Ráma’s banishment.
On him that king’s injustice fall,
Who takes, as lord, a sixth of all,
Nor guards, neglectful of his trust,
His people, as a ruler must.
The crime of those who swear to fee,
At holy rites, some devotee,
And then the promised gift deny,
Be his who willed the prince should fly.
When weapons clash and heroes bleed,
With elephant and harnessed steed,
Ne’er, like the good, be his to fight
Whose heart allowed the prince’s flight.
Though taught with care by one expert
May he the Veda’s text pervert,
With impious mind on evil bent,
Whose voice approved the banishment.
May he with traitor lips reveal
Whate’er he promised to conceal,
And bruit abroad his friend’s offence,
Betrayed by generous confidence.
No wife of equal lineage born
The wretch’s joyless home adorn:
Ne’er may he do one virtuous deed,
And dying see no child succeed.
When in the battle’s awful day
Fierce warriors stand in dread array,
Let the base coward turn and fly,
And smitten by the foeman, die.
Long may he wander, rags his wear,
Doomed in his hand a skull to bear,
And like an idiot beg his bread,
Who gave consent when Ráma fled.
His sin who holy rites forgets,
Asleep when shows the sun and sets,
A load upon his soul shall lie
Whose will allowed the prince to fly.
His sin who loves his Master’s dame,
His, kindler of destructive flame,
His who betrays his trusting friend
Shall, mingled all, on him descend.
By him no reverence due be paid
To blessed God or parted shade:
May sire and mother’s sacred name
In vain from him obedience claim.
Ne’er may he go where dwell the good,
Nor win their fame and neighbourhood,
But lose all hopes of bliss to-day,
Who willed the prince should flee away.
May he deceive the poor and weak
Who look to him and comfort seek,
Betray the suppliants who complain,
And make the hopeful hope in vain.
Long may his wife his kiss expect,
And pine away in cold neglect.
May he his lawful love despise,
And turn on other dames his eyes,
Fool, on forbidden joys intent,
Whose will allowed the banishment.
His sin who deadly poison throws
To spoil the water as it flows,
Lay on the wretch its burden dread
Who gave consent when Ráma fled.”(351)
Thus with his words he undeceived
Kauśalyá’s troubled heart, who grieved
For son and husband reft away;
Then prostrate on the ground he lay.
Him as he lay half-senseless there,
Freed by the mighty oaths he sware,
Kauśalyá, by her woe distressed,
With melancholy words addressed:
“Anew, my son, this sorrow springs
To rend my heart with keener stings:
These awful oaths which thou hast sworn
My breast with double grief have torn.
Thy soul, and faithful Lakshmaṇ’s too,
Are still, thank Heaven! to virtue true.
True to thy promise, thou shalt gain
The mansions which the good obtain.”
Then to her breast that youth she drew,
Whose sweet fraternal love she knew,
And there in strict embraces held
The hero, as her tears outwelled.
And Bharat’s heart grew sick and faint
With grief and oft-renewed complaint,
And all his senses were distraught
By the great woe that in him wrought.
Thus he lay and still bewailed
With sighs and loud lament
Till all his strength and reason failed,
The hours of night were spent.


Canto LXXVI. The Funeral.

The saint Vaśishṭha, best of all
Whose words with moving wisdom fall,
Bharat, Kaikeyí’s son, addressed,
Whom burning fires of grief distressed:
“O Prince, whose fame is widely spread,
Enough of grief: be comforted.
The time is come: arise, and lay
Upon the pyre the monarch’s clay.”
He heard the words Vaśishṭha spoke,
And slumbering resolution woke.
Then skilled in all the laws declare,
He bade his friends the rites prepare.
They raised the body from the oil,
And placed it, dripping, on the soil;
Then laid it on a bed, whereon
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Next - The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 27
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 01
    Total number of words is 3904
    Total number of unique words is 1219
    38.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 02
    Total number of words is 4666
    Total number of unique words is 1538
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 03
    Total number of words is 4715
    Total number of unique words is 1404
    48.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 04
    Total number of words is 4762
    Total number of unique words is 1403
    45.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 05
    Total number of words is 4754
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    47.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 06
    Total number of words is 4752
    Total number of unique words is 1403
    44.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 07
    Total number of words is 4711
    Total number of unique words is 1439
    46.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 08
    Total number of words is 4724
    Total number of unique words is 1422
    44.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 09
    Total number of words is 4640
    Total number of unique words is 1465
    43.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    73.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 10
    Total number of words is 4760
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    48.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 11
    Total number of words is 4703
    Total number of unique words is 1385
    43.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    72.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 12
    Total number of words is 4772
    Total number of unique words is 1461
    46.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 13
    Total number of words is 4724
    Total number of unique words is 1469
    46.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 14
    Total number of words is 4899
    Total number of unique words is 1463
    45.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 15
    Total number of words is 4820
    Total number of unique words is 1491
    43.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 16
    Total number of words is 4877
    Total number of unique words is 1462
    46.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 17
    Total number of words is 4853
    Total number of unique words is 1380
    47.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 18
    Total number of words is 4929
    Total number of unique words is 1373
    46.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 19
    Total number of words is 4856
    Total number of unique words is 1421
    46.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 20
    Total number of words is 4846
    Total number of unique words is 1378
    47.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 21
    Total number of words is 4874
    Total number of unique words is 1406
    47.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 22
    Total number of words is 4811
    Total number of unique words is 1348
    48.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 23
    Total number of words is 4761
    Total number of unique words is 1379
    48.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 24
    Total number of words is 4936
    Total number of unique words is 1487
    46.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 25
    Total number of words is 4772
    Total number of unique words is 1541
    45.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 26
    Total number of words is 4808
    Total number of unique words is 1443
    47.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 27
    Total number of words is 4679
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    44.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 28
    Total number of words is 4761
    Total number of unique words is 1438
    46.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 29
    Total number of words is 4703
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    41.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    60.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    70.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 30
    Total number of words is 4867
    Total number of unique words is 1422
    47.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    69.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    78.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 31
    Total number of words is 4810
    Total number of unique words is 1432
    46.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 32
    Total number of words is 4709
    Total number of unique words is 1370
    46.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 33
    Total number of words is 4770
    Total number of unique words is 1457
    45.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 34
    Total number of words is 4780
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    45.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 35
    Total number of words is 4681
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    43.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    71.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 36
    Total number of words is 4759
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    43.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    73.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 37
    Total number of words is 4735
    Total number of unique words is 1384
    42.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 38
    Total number of words is 4759
    Total number of unique words is 1454
    44.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 39
    Total number of words is 4807
    Total number of unique words is 1504
    44.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 40
    Total number of words is 4878
    Total number of unique words is 1432
    46.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 41
    Total number of words is 4896
    Total number of unique words is 1500
    45.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 42
    Total number of words is 4900
    Total number of unique words is 1473
    46.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 43
    Total number of words is 4986
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    46.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 44
    Total number of words is 4868
    Total number of unique words is 1391
    45.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 45
    Total number of words is 4819
    Total number of unique words is 1376
    46.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    67.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 46
    Total number of words is 4755
    Total number of unique words is 1413
    43.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    73.7 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 47
    Total number of words is 4799
    Total number of unique words is 1427
    45.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 48
    Total number of words is 4940
    Total number of unique words is 1357
    47.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    68.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    78.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 49
    Total number of words is 4843
    Total number of unique words is 1424
    45.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 50
    Total number of words is 4911
    Total number of unique words is 1428
    44.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 51
    Total number of words is 4847
    Total number of unique words is 1494
    46.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 52
    Total number of words is 4791
    Total number of unique words is 1553
    41.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.2 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 53
    Total number of words is 4737
    Total number of unique words is 1462
    43.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.2 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 54
    Total number of words is 4644
    Total number of unique words is 1404
    41.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    60.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    70.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 55
    Total number of words is 4784
    Total number of unique words is 1449
    44.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 56
    Total number of words is 4792
    Total number of unique words is 1452
    45.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 57
    Total number of words is 4729
    Total number of unique words is 1543
    40.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    61.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    72.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 58
    Total number of words is 4881
    Total number of unique words is 1501
    44.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 59
    Total number of words is 4847
    Total number of unique words is 1421
    44.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    75.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 60
    Total number of words is 4776
    Total number of unique words is 1533
    43.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    73.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 61
    Total number of words is 4730
    Total number of unique words is 1553
    43.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 62
    Total number of words is 4760
    Total number of unique words is 1400
    45.3 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    77.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 63
    Total number of words is 4700
    Total number of unique words is 1483
    41.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    61.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    72.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 64
    Total number of words is 4757
    Total number of unique words is 1458
    45.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 65
    Total number of words is 4747
    Total number of unique words is 1419
    45.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    65.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 66
    Total number of words is 4718
    Total number of unique words is 1348
    41.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.1 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 67
    Total number of words is 4776
    Total number of unique words is 1356
    45.7 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 68
    Total number of words is 4778
    Total number of unique words is 1429
    42.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.5 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 69
    Total number of words is 4743
    Total number of unique words is 1436
    42.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    63.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    74.1 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 70
    Total number of words is 4794
    Total number of unique words is 1377
    46.4 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    66.5 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    76.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 71
    Total number of words is 4664
    Total number of unique words is 1472
    43.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    62.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    71.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 72
    Total number of words is 4581
    Total number of unique words is 2110
    15.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    20.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    23.7 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 73
    Total number of words is 4900
    Total number of unique words is 1538
    40.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    58.6 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    67.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 74
    Total number of words is 4757
    Total number of unique words is 1554
    44.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    64.3 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    72.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 75
    Total number of words is 4477
    Total number of unique words is 1819
    33.6 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    48.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    54.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 76
    Total number of words is 4533
    Total number of unique words is 1600
    37.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    54.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    61.8 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 77
    Total number of words is 3914
    Total number of unique words is 1417
    35.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    52.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    60.7 of words are in the 8000 most common words
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  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 78
    Total number of words is 1809
    Total number of unique words is 1135
    20.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    26.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    28.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 79
    Total number of words is 4159
    Total number of unique words is 1556
    34.1 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    49.7 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    56.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 80
    Total number of words is 4149
    Total number of unique words is 1488
    35.8 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    51.9 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    58.6 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 81
    Total number of words is 4021
    Total number of unique words is 1539
    36.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    51.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    59.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 82
    Total number of words is 4137
    Total number of unique words is 1539
    35.5 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    51.4 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    57.9 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 83
    Total number of words is 4145
    Total number of unique words is 1438
    35.0 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    51.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    57.3 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 84
    Total number of words is 4154
    Total number of unique words is 1439
    36.9 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    55.0 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    62.0 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.
  • The Rámáyan of Válmíki - 85
    Total number of words is 2172
    Total number of unique words is 758
    38.2 of words are in the 2000 most common words
    50.8 of words are in the 5000 most common words
    57.4 of words are in the 8000 most common words
    Each bar represents the percentage of words per 1000 most common words.